by James Ellman.
Hardback (6.3×9.3 inches). 324 pages. 2025.
Nine chapters dissect American military debacles from the American Revolution to Afghanistan that were eventually overcome and made into victories.
For example, Washington’s debacle at the Battle of Long Island and retreat across New Jersey culminated with a surprise attack and victory at Trenton (NJ) and Princeton (NJ). In another example, Pearl Harbor led to Midway.
The problem was underestimating the enemy capabilities, overestimating US abilities, inadequate training, and trying to slide by on the cheap. The key to each turnaround was a willingness to change leaders as well as change strategy and tactics. Analysis follows each historical recap to explain why the debacle occurred, how factors and approaches changed, and how the new leadership implemented those changes.
To me, the most interesting chapter was covering the WWII US Army Air Corp. The idea that the bombers always get through continued to be held by the leaders despite escalating losses — the Schweinfurt mission being particularly deadly — and without a sufficient number of sufficient range escort fighter until the P-51 started making an appearance. Then came the change from close bomber escort to free-ranging fighter sweeps ahead of the bomber mass.
The booklet contains 32 black and white photos, 16 black and white maps, and one black and white illustration.
Two map typos “Bearregard” should be Beauregard (p102) and “Mills” should be miles (p204).
As for the future, among the recommendations: spread the pain of military service to civilian sector, support democratic friends (such as Ukraine), pick one strategy (either peer to peer or counter-insurgency), and don’t stint on training or equipment.
Enjoyed it.
–Reviewed by Russ Lockwood
